'Asian glow' affects many Asian Americans after drinking, linked to ALDH2 mutation

For many Asian Americans, a single cocktail or glass of wine can trigger a bright red flush across the face, a reaction commonly called the "Asian glow." The condition, which can include elevated heartbeats, dizziness or headaches, is a frequent and often awkward feature of social drinking for some people of East Asian descent.

Researchers attribute the reaction to a genetic mutation known as ALDH2*2 that prevents the body from fully breaking down alcohol and causes a buildup of toxins. Around 30 to 50 percent of East Asians are estimated to have the enzyme deficiency; researchers say it may affect about 500 million people worldwide.

People on social platforms trade tips — pills, patches, makeup or off‑label use of antihistamines like Pepcid AC — though Kenvue, maker of Pepcid AC, said the product is intended "for the relief and prevention of heartburn only" and advised consumers to consult health professionals.

Scientists, including Che‑Hong Chen of Stanford, say it is still a mystery why the deficiency spread but have suggested it traces to an ancestor in southeastern China about 3,000 years ago. Dr. Chen and other researchers warn that people with the deficiency face higher risks of conditions such as esophageal cancer and recommend cutting back or abstaining from alcohol, noting that masking symptoms does not remove the underlying toxins.

Key Topics

Health, Asian Americans, Southeastern China, Pepcid Ac, Esophageal Cancer, Che-hong Chen