Doctors say compression socks can reduce swelling and improve circulation

Compression socks, once associated with hospitals and older adults, have become a popular travel and wellness accessory on social media — and doctors say they reduce swelling and improve blood flow by applying extra pressure around the legs. Known as graduated compression stockings, the socks are knit to apply the most pressure at the ankle and gradually less up the leg, a gradient experts say is key to medical-grade compression.

The gentle squeeze supports vein valves and the calf muscle pump, helping blood circulate back to the heart and improving lymphatic drainage so fluid does not pool in the lower legs. Reported benefits include reduced leg swelling, less aching or heaviness, improved comfort during long periods of sitting or standing, minimized symptoms of varicose veins or chronic venous insufficiency, and prevention of leg ulcers.

Doctors caution that compression socks manage symptoms and help prevent worsening but do not necessarily repair damaged veins, and they work best alongside movement, hydration, leg elevation and supportive shoes. Some people find compression socks uncomfortable if they fit poorly; ill-fitting socks can irritate skin, leave indentations or roll down and create a tight band that could impair circulation.

People with peripheral arterial disease, diabetes with neuropathy or severely reduced blood flow should avoid them or consult a doctor first, and those with arthritis, nerve problems or fragile skin should also seek medical advice.