New to VPNs? Everything you need to know in 2026

A VPN is software, available as desktop and mobile apps, that gives users access to a network of servers and routes traffic through an encrypted relay. Using protocols such as AES-256, ChaCha20 and RSA (and in some cases post-quantum encryption), a VPN masks your IP address and hides your location so your device appears to be in the server’s city or country.

Providers operate server networks that may be physical or virtual and offer features like simultaneous connections, specialized servers for gaming or P2P, and browser extensions or native apps for TVs, routers and consoles. Installation typically involves signing up on the VPN’s website, downloading the installer, entering a license key, granting permissions and choosing a server.

There are trade-offs. Encryption and relays usually reduce speeds, often in the 10%–35% range, and some sites may block VPNs or present CAPTCHAs; switching servers often resolves that.

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