Protests Against the Constitutional Referendum in Bangladesh

Protests Against the Constitutional Referendum in Bangladesh Bangladesh is currently at a critical political juncture. Following the mass uprising in July-August 2024, the interim government has initiated reforms, including a Constitutional Referendum scheduled for February 12, 2026, held alongside the national elections. Reasons for Protests and Opposition Awami League’s Stance: The ousted Awami League and Sheikh Hasina (currently in India) have termed the election and referendum as "one-sided" and "undemocratic." They argue that excluding their party disenfranchises a large portion of the electorate. Party leaders, including Sajeeb Wazed Joy, have frequently questioned the legitimacy of the reform process. Skepticism over Inclusivity: Protests have arisen from party supporters and some political analysts who question the validity of a referendum where a major political force is barred from participating or has been banned. Concerns over Religious Influence: While major parties like Jamaat-e-Islami and the BNP support the reforms, some secular and youth voters are concerned that the changes might lead to increased religious influence in state politics under the guise of reform. Rumors and Misinformation: Tensions have been fueled by viral rumors suggesting that a "YES" vote would automatically extend the interim government's tenure. Although the government has officially dismissed these claims, suspicion remains among certain groups. The Core of the Referendum: The 'July Charter' The referendum asks for a "YES/NO" mandate on the 'July Charter', which proposes several landmark institutional changes: Term Limits: Restricting the Prime Minister to a maximum of two terms. Bicameral Legislature: Establishing a two-house parliament to ensure better checks and balances. Proportional Representation: Changing the electoral system to reflect the total percentage of votes each party receives. Judicial Independence: Ensuring full separation and independence of the judiciary from the executive branch. Current Situation (January 2026) Security Deployment: To maintain order during the protests and the upcoming vote, the government plans to deploy approximately 100,000 army personnel nationwide. Political Atmosphere: Major parties like the BNP and Jamaat-e-Islami are holding massive rallies in support of the "YES" vote, while supporters of the "Second Republic" (led by student groups like the National Citizen Party) are campaigning for the charter. Violence: Occasional clashes have been reported during rallies. For example, a recent clash in Mymensingh resulted in the death of a political leader, highlighting the volatile security environment.