Today in Islamic history

Today in Islamic history On this day, March 26th, in Islamic history: 632 CE: Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) made his last sermon (khutbah) during the Hajj pilgrimage at Mount Arafat in Makkah, which included his famous words: "All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over a black, nor a black has any superiority over a white - except by piety and good action." 1199 CE: Death of Salahuddin Al-Ayyubi, also known as Saladin, the Muslim military leader who recaptured Jerusalem from the Crusaders in 1187 CE and became a symbol of chivalry and heroism in the Islamic world. 1517 CE: The Ottoman Sultan Selim I captures Cairo, the capital of the Mamluk Sultanate in Egypt, and establishes the Ottoman Empire's rule over Egypt and the Levant, marking a significant expansion of Ottoman power. 1979 CE: The signing of the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty, which ended 30 years of hostilities between the two countries and made Egypt the first Arab country to recognize Israel. The treaty was controversial in the Arab world and led to Egypt's suspension from the Arab League until 1989. 1812 CE: Birth of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, in Qadian, India. The Ahmadiyya movement emerged in the late 19th century as a sect of Islam that emphasizes the concept of prophethood and the revival of Islam in a modern context. 1917 CE: The British Army, led by General Edmund Allenby, captures the city of Gaza from the Ottoman Empire during World War I. The victory was a significant milestone in the British campaign to capture Palestine and Jerusalem from the Ottomans. 1969 CE: The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is founded in Rabat, Morocco. The OIC is a group of 57 member states that seek to promote Islamic solidarity and cooperation in various fields, including politics, economics, and culture. 2015 CE: Saudi Arabia leads a coalition of Arab states in a military intervention in Yemen against Houthi rebels who had taken control of the capital, Sanaa. The conflict has led to a humanitarian crisis in Yemen, with millions of people suffering from food and medicine shortages and other forms of hardship. 632 CE: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) fell ill and his health deteriorated rapidly. This day marks the beginning of the Prophet's final illness and the start of a period of great sadness and mourning for the Muslim community. 1191 CE: The Battle of Arsuf takes place during the Third Crusade, in which the Muslim forces led by Saladin fought against the Christian armies of King Richard I of England. The battle ended in a decisive victory for the Christians, who were able to break through the Muslim lines and march on to capture the city of Jaffa. 1827 CE: Death of Mirza Abu'l-Qasim Qa'im Maqam Farahani, a prominent Iranian philosopher, and scholar who was a leading figure in the intellectual and cultural life of Iran in the 19th century. 1979 CE: The signing of the peace treaty between Egypt and Israel sparked protests in many parts of the Islamic world, as many Muslims felt that the treaty betrayed the Palestinian cause and weakened the Muslim position in the Middle East. The treaty also led to the assassination of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat by Islamic extremists in 1981. 637 CE: Muslim forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid capture the city of Hira, which was a major center of the Arab tribe of Lakhm in present-day Iraq. The conquest of Hira was a significant victory for the Muslims in their early campaigns of expansion. 1169 CE: Salahuddin Al-Ayyubi (Saladin) becomes the ruler of Egypt, after overthrowing the Fatimid caliphate that had ruled the country for over two centuries. Salahuddin's rule marked the beginning of a new era of Muslim power and influence in Egypt. 1920 CE: The Indian Muslim leader and scholar Muhammad Iqbal delivers his famous Allahabad Address, in which he calls for the establishment of a separate Muslim state in India. This address is often considered a key milestone in the development of the idea of Pakistan. 2002 CE: The International Criminal Court (ICC) is established in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICC is a permanent tribunal that has jurisdiction over crimes such as genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Many Islamic countries are signatories to the ICC's founding treaty, although some have criticized it as being biased against Muslims.